The ceasefire agreement between Israel and Lebanon's Hezbollah, which took effect on November 27, 2024, has been marred by accusations of violations from both sides.
On November 28, the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) issued a statement claiming that they had discovered "terror activity" in facilities in southern Lebanon where Hezbollah stores medium-range rockets. The IDF said its air force jets had "thwarted the threat" and that its troops remained in southern Lebanon to take action against violations of the ceasefire agreement.
Conversely, the Lebanese military stated that Israel had repeatedly violated the ceasefire on November 27 and 28. Israel had allegedly breached Lebanese airspace and targeted Lebanese territory with various weapons. The Lebanese Army Command is coordinating with relevant authorities to take follow-up action against these violations.
The ceasefire deal, brokered by the United States and France, stipulates several key provisions. Israel is expected to gradually withdraw its forces from Lebanon over a 60-day period. During this time, the Lebanese military and security forces will deploy to the south to replace the withdrawing Israeli troops. Hezbollah is required to withdraw from the southern border with Israel and move further north of the Litani River, and is prohibited from rebuilding its terrorist infrastructure in southern Lebanon.
The United States and France will join the tripartite mechanism established after the 2006 war, which includes the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL), Israel, and Lebanon. This mechanism, chaired by the United States, will maintain communication among the parties and address any violations to prevent escalation. Additionally, a military committee of several other countries will provide support to the Lebanese army in terms of equipment, training, and financial resources.
Despite the violations and tensions, there have been some positive developments following the ceasefire. After months of conflict, displaced Lebanese civilians have begun to return to their homes in the south, although the Israeli military had initially warned that it was not safe for them to do so.
The ceasefire between Israel and Hezbollah has also drawn attention to the situation in Gaza. The lack of a similar ceasefire deal in Gaza has led to concerns among Palestinians that Israel may now focus its military efforts there. However, a senior Hamas official has stated that the group is ready to reach a ceasefire agreement in Gaza and has informed mediators in Egypt, Qatar, and Turkey.
The international community is closely watching the situation to ensure the full implementation of the ceasefire agreement and to prevent a resumption of hostilities. The United States, in particular, has emphasized its commitment to supporting the deal and ensuring peace in the region. President Biden has stated that if Hezbollah or anyone else breaks the deal and poses a direct threat to Israel, Israel retains the right to self-defense consistent with international law.
In conclusion, while the Israel-Lebanon ceasefire agreement holds the potential for peace and stability in the region, the recent accusations of violations highlight the fragility of the situation. Continued diplomatic efforts and strict adherence to the terms of the ceasefire will be crucial in the coming days and weeks to ensure its long-term success and to address the broader issues in the Middle East conflict.
